Subject bias in three self-report measures of change.

Examined whether 3 measures of self-reported change (post minus pre difference scores, post minus then difference scores, and direct improvement scores) are susceptible to training related S bias. 19 university students were assigned to a study planning (experimental) group, 19 to a text studying (placebo) group, and 26 to a no-treatment control group. Ss then performed a note-taking task. Results indicate the effectiveness of both study skills trainings: (1) in text study training, the Ss improved their note-taking abilities and showed enhancement in perceived text studying ability, and (2) in study planning training, Ss reported a gain in study planning skills. However, the 3 measures of self-reported change were not free from bias.