Analyzing the green hydrogen value chain against the sustainable development goals

The emerging green hydrogen value chain provides an opportunity to develop joint sustainable strategies between different countries and implement measures to mitigate potential adverse effects. We analyze whether the green hydrogen value chain can aid in meeting the objectives outlined in the 2030 Agenda. The Value Chain Assessment methodology that we developed enables the identification of direct and indirect influences, and the categorization of positive and negative effects, of each segment (production, transportation, and end-use) of the green hydrogen value chain on the 17 SDGs and their 169 targets. We also analyze the associated temporal dimensions and reciprocal interdependences, to clarify the dynamics of the value chain over time and across different geographical scales. We present a strategic framework that can help in fostering the green hydrogen value chain for the implementation of sustainable development. We find that the use of green hydrogen can clearly accelerate progress on the SDGs in the short-term, but adverse effects could arise in the medium- to long-term. The realization of the green hydrogen value chain requires synchronized investments and policies across space and time.