The political ecology of Palk Bay fisheries: geographies of capital, fisher conflict, ethnicity and nation-state

Indian trawl fishers in the Palk Bay regularly engage in cross-border fishing to the detriment of Sri Lankan artisanal fishers whose nets are irreparably damaged. Increasing tension between Indian trawl fishers from the state of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lankan artisanal fishers from the Northern Province has resulted in the Sri Lankan government patrolling the international maritime boundary line (IMBL) more stringently and increased arrests of Indian trawl fishers. This paper argues that the present "fisheries crisis" in the Palk Bay must be understood from a political ecology perspective that takes cognizance of the circuitous nature of capital accumulation and how fisher conflict, ethnicity and the politics of the nation-state have shaped the spatial practices of accumulation. In a changing global context where semi-industrial vessels are increasingly crossing boundaries, it argues for more context specific studies of processes of capital accumulation.