Documenting conflict-related crimes in Ukraine Civil society innovations, adaptations and networks in the accountability ecosystem

This study explores the evolving documentation practices of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Ukraine in response to conflict-related crimes and human rights violations in 2022–2023. Drawing from semi-structured interviews and public materials, the study examines how legal, technical, and local expertise inform the conceptualization of ‘professional’ documentation, as well as the tensions that arise between localizing such practices and adhering to international standards. The findings provide empirically informed insights into the unique justice landscape in Ukraine, where an active domestic law enforcement system coexists with international mechanisms, affording Ukrainian CSOs a level of agency not available in many other conflict zones. While this context enables a distinct, localized approach to documentation, the research underscores the complexities involved in navigating the balance between supporting formal accountability mechanisms and addressing the broader needs of Ukrainian society.