Does Ancient Greek have a word for ‘no’? The evidence from ουκουν ... ου questions

Authors
Publication date 2012
Journal Journal of Greek Linguistics
Volume | Issue number 12 | 1
Pages (from-to) 140-160
Number of pages 21
Organisations
  • Faculty of Humanities (FGw) - Amsterdam Institute for Humanities Research (AIHR) - Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication (ACLC)
Abstract
Among the uses of ουκουν (oukoun) Denniston (1954: 235) mentions ‘ουκουν ου, ουκουν…ου, expecting
a negative answer.’ This paper argues that Denniston’s view, which is shared by most (all?)
other grammars and dictionaries of Ancient Greek (e.g. Kühner-Gerth 2, 164: ‘Wenn nach ουκουν
eine verneinende Antwort erwartet wird, so wird demselben die Negation ου nachgesetzt’, Smyth
§2651 a: ‘ουκουν ου expects the answer no’, Liddell-Scott-Jones s.v. ουκουν) should be rejected.Actually, the answer is never no. As always, ουκουν expects an affirmative answer, in this case to a
negated question: ‘Is it not true, then, that not X?’ = ‘Surely, then, not X?’ To be sure, ου does occur
as an answer, but this can be shown to be a proposition (or sentence) negative (= not), rather than
an answering particle like no. The situation in Greek is compared with negatives in several other
languages, notably Latin and Old French. Finally, Modern Greek is briefly discussed, which, unlike
Ancient Greek, does have a negative answering particle, viz. οχι, alongside a proposition negative,
viz. δε(ν).
Document type Article
Language English
Published at https://doi.org/10.1163/156658412X649742
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