Potentially malignant disorders of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa; present concepts of management

In spite of tremendous progress in the field of molecular biology there is yet no single marker that reliably predicts malignant transformation of a potentially malignant disorder of the oral mucosa. Therefore, it is recommended to excise or laser any oral of oropharyngeal leukoplakia/erythroplakia, if feasible, irrespective of the presence or absence of dysplasia. However, it is actually unknown whether such removal truly prevents the possible development of a squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, lifelong follow-up is recommended at intervals of no more than 6 months.
At present, oral lichen planus is more or less accepted as being a potentially malignant disorder. There are no means to prevent such event. The efficacy of follow-up of oral lichen planus is questionable.